The linked ‘The Economist’ article is a brief Euro-centric overview of some of the (public-domain) projects to narrow the ASW *ability*-gap. The key takeaway is this: you need to be close to a submarine to have a chance at its detection. Physics always wins.
However, improved technology is no replacement for the intelligent application of anti-submarine operational art. Know thyself, know thy enemy, know thy environment [Sun Tzu].
Introduction of high-tech, low-cost swarm-tech into the ASW domain merely increases the amount of data needing coordination and interpretation.
We wonder if ASW artificial intelligence investment might be better placed in the operational commander’s hands.